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Showing posts from September, 2023

Full CBT Rollout for SSCE Postponed to 2027 by WAEC

 Abuja — The West African Examinations Council (WAEC) has postponed the full implementation of the computer-based test (CBT) format for the 2026 Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE) until 2027, according to a statement released at the council’s 63rd annual meeting in Umuahia, Abia State.  Hajia Binta Abdulkadir, Chairman of WAEC’s Nigeria National Committee, explained that the 2026 May/June edition will now serve as a pilot phase — allowing candidates to sit for either the traditional paper-and-pen test or the digital format. She emphasized that no student will be disadvantaged by the transition.  The delay follows widespread concern over the readiness of many schools, particularly in rural areas, for full digital exams. Many institutions lack adequate computers, reliable electricity, internet connectivity, and trained personnel—factors WAEC and the Federal Ministry of Education say are essential for a successful rollout.  To facilitate the switch, WAEC co...

Work Energy and Power

  Work ; This is the product of force and the displacement in the direction of the force. Work done = force x distance moved in the direction of force The unit of work done is Joule (J) How to Calculate Work Done Example Questions 1.         If a car of mass 80kg moved a distance of 5m. calculate the work done by the car (g =10m/s 2 )   Solution Mass = 80kg Force = 80 x 10 = 800N Distance = 5m Work done = 800 x 5 = 4000J 2.        A boy pulls a load of 300N to a distance of 6m. Calculate the work done   Solution Force = 300N Distance = 6m Work done = 300 X 6 = 1800J Energy : This is the ability to do work. It is also measured in Joule (J). Energy has many forms which include: ·          Heat energy ·          Light energy ·          Chemical en...

Titration of acid and base (calculation)

 Titration is the method employed in volumetric analysis. In this method, an unknown concentration of a liquid substance is titrated against another of known concentration. We are going to learn how to calculate the concentration of the substance using the question below. A is a dilute tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid. B contains 2g of sodium hydroxide per 250 cm3 of solution. 25cm 3 of B requires 23cm 3 of A for complete neutralization. Calculate i.                      Concentration of solution B in mol/dm 3 ii.                    Concentration of A in mol/dm 3 iii.                   The number of hydrogen ions in 1dm 3 of solution A (Na=23, H=1, S=32, O=16) Equation of reaction H 2 SO 4(aq...

Graham’s Law of Diffusion calculation

 Graham’s law states that any gas's diffusion rate at constant temperature and pressure is directly proportional to the square root of its relative molecular mass or vapour density. R 1 /R 2 = √ m 2 / √ m 1                    or t 2 /t 1 = √ m 2 / √ m 1 Example Questions 1.        If 200cm 3 of hydrogen diffused through a porous pot in 30 seconds. How long will it take 400cm 3 of oxygen to diffuse through the same pot? (H = 1, O = 16) Solution Before solving the problem, the first thing is to find how long it will take an equal volume (400cm 3 ) of hydrogen to diffuse through the pot. This is because we are comparing oxygen and hydrogen. Since 200cm 3 of hydrogen = 30s 400cm 3 will = 30/200 X 400 = 60s         t 2 /t 1 = √ m 2 / √ m 1         .t 1 = 60s  ...