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Application of Gay-Lussac’s Law of Combining Volumes

Gay Lussac’s of combining volumes states that gases react in simple ratio with one another and to volumes of the products provided that temperature and pressure remain constant. In this article, you will understand how to apply this law in calculation by studying the following examples below: 1.     2H 2 + O 2 → H 2 O In the reaction above, what volume of hydrogen would be left over when 300cm 3 of oxygen and hydrogen are exploded in a sealed tube?   1cm 3 of oxygen = 2cm 3 of hydrogen 300cm 3 of oxygen = 2 x 300 = 600cm 3 Volume of left over = 1000 – 600 = 400cm 3 2.     Calculate the volume of carbon (II) oxide required to react with 40cm 3 of oxygen. 2CO + O 2 → 2CO 2 1cm 3 of oxygen = 2cm 3 of CO 40cm 3 of oxygen = 2 x 40 = 80cm 3 3.     Calculate the volume of residual gases that would be produced when 100cm 3 of sulphur (IV) oxide reacts with 20cm 3 of oxygen    2SO 2 + O 2 → 2SO 3 1cm 3 of O 2 = 2cm 3 20cm 3 of O 2 = 2 x 20 = 40cm 3
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NECO 2023 EXAM Chemistry Practical Qualitative Analysis Review

This analysis is carried out based on some of the reagents required for the exam. These reagents are listed below:

Dilute sodium hydroxide

Dilute ammonia solution

Barium chloride solution

Distilled water

Red and blue litmus paper

Phenolphthalein

Methyl orange

One boiling tube

Five test tube

Source of heat

Wash bottle containing distilled water

Filtration apparatus

The salt to analyse is sodium trioxocarbonate IV which will be tagged C.

The sample analysis question below will be used to show the picture of how you can identify the ions in sodium trioxocarbonate IV

Question

C is a sample of an inorganic compound. Carry out the following test on C and identify any gas evolved.

1.       To a portion of sample C, add distilled water and shake

2.       To the mixture from (1), test with litmus paper, add barium chloride solution, and add dilute HCl in excess.

3.       To another solid portion of C, put it into the test tube, add dilute HCl, and bubble any gas evolved into lime water.

4.       Dip a glass rod or platinum wire into concentrated HCl then into the sample of C and heat on a non-luminous flame.

s/n

Test

Observation

Inference

1

To a portion of C, add distilled water and shake

Soluble and give a clear solution

K, Na, NH4 or HCO3 ions are likely present

2

To the mixture from (1), add test with litmus paper, barium chloride solution, and dilute HCl in excess.

 

Turn red litmus paper blue, form a white precipitate with Barium chloride soluble in excess dilute hydrochloric acid

Alkaline, HCO3 ions absent, K, Na likely present,

SO3, CO3 likely present

3

To another solid portion of C, put into the test tube, add dilute HCl, and bubble any gas evolved into lime water.

 

Colourless gas, odourless gas which turns lime water milky

CO2  confirmed

 

4

Dip a glass rod or platinum wire into concentrated HCl then into the sample of C and heat on a non-luminous flame.

 

Golden yellow flame

Na ions confirmed

 

 

Watch the video of this analysis thank you

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Application of Gay-Lussac’s Law of Combining Volumes

Gay Lussac’s of combining volumes states that gases react in simple ratio with one another and to volumes of the products provided that temperature and pressure remain constant. In this article, you will understand how to apply this law in calculation by studying the following examples below: 1.     2H 2 + O 2 → H 2 O In the reaction above, what volume of hydrogen would be left over when 300cm 3 of oxygen and hydrogen are exploded in a sealed tube?   1cm 3 of oxygen = 2cm 3 of hydrogen 300cm 3 of oxygen = 2 x 300 = 600cm 3 Volume of left over = 1000 – 600 = 400cm 3 2.     Calculate the volume of carbon (II) oxide required to react with 40cm 3 of oxygen. 2CO + O 2 → 2CO 2 1cm 3 of oxygen = 2cm 3 of CO 40cm 3 of oxygen = 2 x 40 = 80cm 3 3.     Calculate the volume of residual gases that would be produced when 100cm 3 of sulphur (IV) oxide reacts with 20cm 3 of oxygen    2SO 2 + O 2 → 2SO 3 1cm 3 of O 2 = 2cm 3 20cm 3 of O 2 = 2 x 20 = 40cm 3
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